Category: Cleaning & Maintenance

Articles about removing pesticide residue and disposing of rinsate from horizontal boom sprayers

  • Agrifac Condor: A Wake-up Call For North American Sprayer Manufacturers?

    Agrifac Condor: A Wake-up Call For North American Sprayer Manufacturers?

    agrifac-condor-endurance
    Agrifac Condor Endurance (Source: Agrifac)

    I like good ideas.  And at Canada’s Outdoor Farm Show in Woodstock this fall, I saw a sprayer that puts a lot of them in one place.  I’m talking about the Agrifac Condor Endurance.  I’ve seen European sprayers before, even operated a few.  And although they are all well-engineered machines, the Netherlands-based Condor might be the first one to gain traction in North America. Why this one? Let me explain.


    Size:
      If you thought European machines are too small for North American conditions, this one breaks the mold.  Sporting an 8000 L (2100 US gal) tank, track widths up to 4.6 m (15 ft), a 320 hp Tier 4 engine, and booms up to 55 m (180 ft) wide, it’s a monster. The smaller Condor offers tank sizes of 1050 or 1300 US gal and is a smaller machine overall.

    Agrifact Condor Sump
    The tank sump design ensures minimal remainders.

    Tank and Pump:  The large tank has a molded funnel sump that feeds directly into the pump.  Net result is a design that empties the tank completely, leaving a tiny remainder amount, less than 2 gallons according to Rob Blijdorp, with Agrifac North America.  Because most of us clean tank remainders by diluting them with clean water, this small remainder needs less water to dilute residues to safe levels, saving time when switching products.  The machine is equipped with a Hypro centrifugal pump as standard equipment in North America. A diaphragm pump is optional. This pump type is unusual for North America, but it is self-priming, can run dry, and can produce very high pressures.

    Agrifac Condor Boom
    Wide booms with recirculating plumbing boost productivity and minimize waste (Source: Agrifac)

    Boom: The boom widths available on the Condor are astounding, and there’s no easier place to use them than the North American Great Plains.  Wider booms are one of the most effective efficiency boosts in spraying, and allow slower travel speeds while creating fewer tracks.  The Condor boom has a recirculating design with a pressure feed from both ends, eliminating boom ends and increasing cleanout speed.  Since it uses the boom as part of its circulation system, the boom primes at filling so the new product is at the nozzles right away. Sectional control is flexible, with nozzle-by-nozzle control available.

    Agrifac Condor 4-wheel steer
    Four wheel steer on a walking beam chassis

    Chassis:  The frame and suspension system looks like a walking-beam setup, and is claimed to give a smoother ride with less transfer of bumps to the boom. The system has four-wheel steer capability for less tracking in turns, and a tight turning radius. The weight of the smaller Condor machine equipped with a 120’ boom is 24,500 lbs, the Condor Endurance with the same boom is 31,000 lbs.

    HighTechAirPlus nozzle
    The HighTechAirPlus atomizer is a twin fluid design that uses air to control flow and atomization.

    Nozzles: I saved the best for last.  Since 1989 (yes, I remember the year!), I’ve been a fan of “twin fluid” nozzles, but have not seen them take hold anywhere.  The HighTechAirPlus nozzles are Agrifac’s version.  Here’s how they work:  Liquid is delivered to the nozzle in the usual way, by pressure.  But air is also delivered, created by a dedicated air pump that has modest volume and pressure requirements.  Both air and liquid make their way through the same nozzle (a deflector style, similar to the TeeJet FloodJet).

    HighTechAirPlus
    HighTechAirPlus installed. Note the air supply and the air-activated shutoff for individual nozzle sectional control.

    The advantage?  Liquid flow and droplet size can be adjusted independently, with air and liquid pressure.  More air results in lower liquid flow. It also reduces droplet size.  More liquid pressure increases flow, and also reduces droplet size.  Clever combinations of both can keep droplet size fairly constant over a wide flow rate range.  Alternatively, the nozzles can change droplet size while keeping the same flow rate, depending on the drift or coverage needs at the time. The travel speed range achievable is similar to that with PWM.

    Verdict.  The jury’s out.  As a newcomer to North America, the Agrifac faces a few challenges.  Many say it needs a dealer network, inventory and parts.  It needs to prove its reliability. It needs to be able to service its machines, especially if parts are non-standard.  It needs field cred out here.

    But I’m a bit tired of our North American sprayers adding horsepower, speed, and weight to their sprayers each year, and little else.  They leave applicators to struggle alone with equally important productivity factors such as quick and thorough cleanout, drift management, nozzle selection and others.

    The things that strike me with this new sprayer are Agrifac’s innovative design, and its emphasis on issues that matter to applicators:  productivity and excellent control over application rate and droplet size. The company has the right priorities in my books.

  • Hydraulic Fittings: A Galling Metallurgical State of Affairs

    Hydraulic Fittings: A Galling Metallurgical State of Affairs

    So it’s been a long spraying season and as you perform your annual maintenance you grudgingly admit that the hoses have given their all. Before you run out to get more of the same, give some thought to the hydraulic fittings (i.e. hose adaptors and couplers). Many feel that stainless steel (SS) is the best choice for hydraulic fittings: It must be, because it’s certainly the shiniest and most expensive choice! But before you opt for stainless, here are a few things you should know.

    SS requires surface oxidization to resist corrosion. Oxidation forms a protective barrier called a “passivation layer”, but it’s susceptible to mechanical damage. It can be penetrated as abrasive powders flow past. The layer will reform when it dries, only to be sanded off again during the next spray. The wear is on-going. If the newly-exposed SS remains submerged in a liquid, the passivation layer will not reform. Without it, SS surfaces corrode at a high rate, and in extreme cases SS will even corrode inside of itself and become a hollow shell.

    When two pieces of stainless steel are forced together, the passivation layer gets scraped off, allowing parts to gall (or ‘weld’). In fact, any similar metals in physical contact will naturally gall to each other, but stainless steel is especially susceptible. When disassembled, the ‘welded’ material must be torn apart. This destructive galling can be reduced with lubrication during assembly and avoided altogether by mating dissimilar materials (e.g. bronze and stainless steel). Technically, mating different types of stainless steels (e.g. martensitic against austenitic) could work, but it is possible that two different alloys electrically connected in a humid environment may act as a voltaic pile and corrode even faster. This is probably a moot point because many do not have access to different SS alloys when choosing fittings.

    Sometimes we see black or galvanized pipe fittings on sprayers, but I don’t recommend either. Galvanizing is only slightly better than black pipe and since the threads are cut after being galvanized the threads are essentially black pipe, anyway.

    So what about plated steel fittings? They’re available with swivels and can seal on faces and seats (rather than on the thread – which is much easier to assemble and disassemble). They can be crimped onto the hoses, eliminating the need for hose clamps that fail or snag and cut the operator. (As a related aside, hydraulic hose is not really compatible with most spray products – the steel wire inside the rubber begins to corrode and unexpected failure is common. Even when spraying above 200 psi there are better high pressure-rated choices than hydraulic hose.) Mechanically, these fittings are a great option, but unfortunately the plating is designed for oil, not pesticide. Within a year they rust internally and seize up. To add insult to injury, the flaking rust is notorious for plugging nozzles.

    A better choice is brass (or even bronze) fittings (e.g. pipe, SAE 45° and hose barb). Just like the crimped plated steel fittings, brass SAE 45° fittings can swivel and seal on seats and they are easily assembled and disassembled over many seasons. Brass fittings are more costly than black or galvanized pipe but cost less than hydraulic or SS fittings. Conveniently, they’re available at most hardware stores.

    While brass may be the best metal material for the sprayer fittings, I feel that plastic is the most economical and in many applications is superior to metal. But, that’s a topic for a follow-up article. So, before you spring for SS hydraulic fittings, consider cheaper and more effective alternatives like brass or plastic. And, if only for the sake of your mechanic, please don’t over tighten fittings. It is unnecessary and causes endless damage and frustration.

  • Exploding Sprayer Myths (ep.3): Nozzle Pressure

    Exploding Sprayer Myths (ep.3): Nozzle Pressure

    Here’s the third in our series of short, educational and irreverent videos made with Real Agriculture.
    We wanted to explain where pressure readings are taken on a sprayer and why it’s so important to know what pressure your nozzle is experiencing, rather than what the screens in your cab are telling you. Not only does pressure affect your application rate, but it affects your spray quality, which can be critical if your rate controller allows the pressure to drop below 30 psi.

    IT’S MY TURN TO DRIVE!

  • The 2015 in Review: 8 Points Evaluation of Your Spray Program – Tips with Tom #12

    The 2015 in Review: 8 Points Evaluation of Your Spray Program – Tips with Tom #12

    During post-harvest down-time, it’s important to take a much needed breather.
    Then, before you know it’ll be time to start the shop projects and equipment maintenance for next year, if you haven’t started already. Before you get started, though, Tom Wolf has a handy list of things to evaluate, clean up, fix or replace on the sprayer.

    In this final installment of Tips with Tom, Wolf runs through key areas of the sprayer that could potentially use upgrading or just maintenance, plus lists some quality parameters that could be improved for next year that may take some footwork through the busy winter season.

  • 7 Steps to Total Sprayer Cleanout – Tips with Tom #6

    7 Steps to Total Sprayer Cleanout – Tips with Tom #6

    The first question during the spray season is likely, “what kills this weed spectrum? The second might just be, “How do I clean our my sprayer properly without risking crop injury next go-round?”

    Tom Wolf, spray application specialist and @Nozzle_Guy, answers not just that question, but also a few more —

    • “Can you neutralize chemical?”
    • “Is there a tried and true mixing order?”
    • “What does ammonia actually do in the cleanout process?”

    From the importance of being thorough, to top tips on minimizing issues with specific Group 2 problems, to a handy method for getting a much more effective tank rinse, Wolf will walk you through his top 7 tips for effective sprayer cleanout.